The knowledge gained from implementing this Directive was for example a driving force leading to the adoption of the Single use Plastics Directive. The Directive has nevertheless pushed for a better understanding of the pressures and impacts of human activities on the sea, and their implications for marine biodiversity, their habitats, and the ecosystems they sustain. More examples are provided in the report and its annexes. While EU rules regulating chemicals have led to a reduction in contaminants, we see an increased accumulation of plastics and plastic chemical residues in most of the marine species.

46% of EuropeвЂ™s coastal waters are still subject to intense eutrophication. While fishing effort has decreased in the North-east Atlantic, about 79% of EuropeвЂ™s coastal seabed and 43% of the shelf/slope area is physically disturbed, mainly caused by bottom trawling.

white-tailed eagles in the Baltic Sea), while others show steep deterioration (40% of elasmobranchs in the Mediterranean). For example some species show signs of recovery (e.g. The quality status of EuropeвЂ™s seas portrays a mixed picture. This report, required by Article 20 of the Directive shows that while the EUвЂ™s framework for marine environmental protection is one of the most comprehensive and ambitious worldwide, it needs to be beefed up to be able to tackle predominant pressures such as overfishing and unsustainable fishing practices, plastic litter, excess nutrients, underwater noise and others types of pollution The Commission adopted a report on the first implementation cycle of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive in June 2020. These were revised in 2017 leading to the new Commission Decision on Good Environmental Status.ДЄnnex III of the Directive was also amended in 2017 to better link ecosystem components, anthropogenic pressures and impacts on the marine environment with the MSFD's 11 descriptors and with the new Decision on Good Environmental Status. The Commission also produced a set of detailed criteria and methodological standards to help Member States implement the Marine Strategy Framework Directive. The Marine Strategy Framework Directive was adopted on 17 June 2008. The aim of the European Union's ambitious Marine Strategy Framework Directive is to protect more effectively the marine environment across Europe. Our Oceans, Seas and Coasts The Marine Strategy Framework Directive

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